Surface plasmon enhanced third order harmonic generation of organic materials fanghui ren 1, xiangyu wang 1, zhongan li 2, jingdong luo 2, sei hum jang 2, alex k y jen 2, alan x. Abstract high harmonic generation arises from intense laser beams where odd harmonics of a fundamental frequency up to a cutoff threshold are generated. Highharmonic generation hhg was first reported in rare gas atoms1. We demonstrate through rigorous timedomain simulations that the synergistic combination of strong plasmonic near field enhancement and a pronounced intrinsic. Stepping into this high field region, nonperturbative qed processes are expected. Optical field enhancement at cusps between adjacent. Quantumorbit analysis of highorder harmonic generation by resonant plasmon field enhancement. Amplifying local electromagnetic fields by engineering optical interactions between individual constituents of an optical antenna is considered fundamental for efficient nonlinear wavelength conversion in nanometerscale devices. Herrmann, theory of plasmon enhanced high order harmonic generation in the vicinity of metal nanostructures in noble gases, phys. Osa significantly enhanced conversion efficiency of high. For reference, we measure fwm on a flat singlecrystalline au surface in the far field under normal incidence and backreflection detection.
We report on the strong enhancement of midinfrared second harmonic generation shg from sic nanopillars due to the resonant excitation of localized surface phonon polaritons within the reststrahlen band. For example, if the antennas are resonant with a probing field that excites plasma oscillations, then the resulting local field will perturb the high harmonic generation process driven by a. Plasmon assisted highharmonic generation in graphene. In particular, we demonstrate that second harmonic. Polarizationcontrolled tunable directional coupling of. Metallic nanocavityenhanced second harmonic generation from. Nanoparticleonmirror cavity modes for huge andor tunable plasmonic field enhancement. Feb 22, 2017 the situation is further complicated by the enormous electromagnetic field intensities required by this highly nonperturbative nonlinear optical phenomenon. Highharmonic generation by resonant plasmon field enhancement. High harmonic generation hhg was first reported in rare gas atoms22. Extremely large extinction efficiency and field enhancement in terahertz resonant dipole nanoantennas luca razzari,1, andrea toma,1 mostafa shalaby,2 matteo clerici,2 remo proietti zaccaria,1 carlo liberale,1 sergio marras,1 ibraheem a. We study high order harmonic generation hhg resulting from the illumination of plasmonic nanostructures with a short laser pulse of long wavelength. Nanolaser field enhancement plasmon enhanced fluorescence solar cells. Boosting thirdharmonic generation by a mirrorenhanced.
May 17, 2016 plasmonic electric near field enhancement in selforganized gold nanoparticles in macroscopic arrays. Selective highharmonic generation by charge transfer. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. High harmonic generation hhg is an extreme nonlinear optical phenomenon first observed by driving atomic gases with intense ultrashort light pulses 1,2,3. Thus, we prove that by properly engineering the spectral location of plasmon resonances a pair of such resonances exist at the fundamental frequency ff and third harmonic th. High harmonic generation by focusing a femtosecond laser onto a gas is a wellknown. Pdf high harmonic generation by resonant plasmon field. Electrically controlled nonlinear generation of light with. Seungwoo kim, seungchul kim, inyong park, and joonhee choi.
We ensure that this enhancement is away from plasmonic resonances, so that it. The metals that define the cavity also serve as electrodes that can generate high direct current electric fields across the nonlinear material. Surface plasmon coupling and its universal size scaling in metal nanostructures of complex geometry. We perform a detailed analysis of high order harmonic generation hhg in atoms within the strong field approximation sfa by considering spatially inhomogeneous monochromatic laser fields. This double resonant excitation of localized graphene plasmons leads to strong enhancement of the local optical field, which in conjunction with the strong overlap. The nanoplasmonix project proposes to study euv light generation from mhz reprate lasers assisted by plasmonic resonances to achieve local enhancements of electric fields. In contrast to this general statement we show that high field enhancement does not necessarily lead to an optimized nonlinear activity. By designing and studying a nonlinear plasmonicgraphene metasurface at terahertz regime. Diffraction resonance with strong optical field enhancement from gainassisted hybrid plasmonic structure. Authors contribution the sole author designed, analyzed and interpreted and prepared the manuscript.
Recently, we successfully exploited the phenomenon of localized surface plasmon resonance for high harmonic generation, which enables replacing cpa with a compact metallic nanostructure. Multifold enhancement of thirdharmonic generation in. We explain how to produce coherent xuv radiation at high repetition rate by means of high harmonic generation using locally enhanced femtosecond laser pulses by surface plasmon. Enhanced thirdharmonic generation induced by nonlinear. An effective scheme to enhance the yield of high order harmonic generation originated from spatially inhomogeneous field through the interaction between fewcycle chirped laser pulses and a nanotip structure is demonstrated. This new concept of generating euv light was previously demonstrated by the authors using nanoantennas made of au bowties. In addition, the resonant frequency of the metasurface can be adjusted by dynamically tuning the fermi energy of graphene via electrical or chemical doping. High harmonic generation by resonant plasmon field enhancement. High harmonic generation by resonant plasmon field enhancement article pdf available in nature 4537196. Choi, high harmonic generation by resonant plasmon field enhancement, in conference on lasers and electrooptics 2010, osa technical digest cd optical society of america, 2010, paper cthq1. Through the measurement of spectral and polarization characteristics, the nonlinearity enhancement is attributed to the locally intensified electric field of the surface plasmon polariton mode. Plasmon enhanced hhg has been reported from metallic antennas deposited on si10 and sapphire23.
High harmonic generation by focusing a femtosecond laser onto a gas is a wellknown method of producing coherent extremeultraviolet euv light. Jul 25, 2017 colloidal aucoreagshell nanorods with an asymmetric transverse crosssection and a strong octupolar plasmon resonance are synthesized by the controlled growth of ag shells on one side of the au cores. Over 1800 times enhancement of second harmonic generation from a cavityembedded knbo 3 nanowire at a resonance frequency was observed. Generation of isolated sub10attosecond pulses in spatially inhomogenous twocolor fields xu cao, 1 shicheng jiang, chao yu, yunhui wang, lihua bai,2,4 and ruifeng lu1,3, 1 department of applied physics, nanjing university of science and technology, nanjing 210094, china 2 department of physics, shanghai university, shanghai 200444, china 3 state key laboratory of molecular reaction dynamics. Postdoc in high harmonic generation assisted by plasmonic.
Surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticle arrays partially embedded in. Conventionally hhg is based on the use of high power amplified femtosecond laser pulses, special phase matching techniques, or intra. Finally, when both beams illuminate the hybrid grating structure, the simulations show local field enhancement in both slits. Nano antenna assisted high harmonic generation youtube. Design and optimization of a 3d pyramidal nanowaveguide with a square crosssection for plasmonic field enhancement for high harmonic generation. One such mode, the monopole, exhibits an enhancement that is beyond what is anticipated from field. Quantumorbit analysis of highorder harmonic generation by.
Resonant enhancement of secondharmonic generation in the. An order of magnitude enhancement in thg is found at 2. Enhanced third harmonic generation with graphene metasurfaces. This nonlinear conversion process requires high pulse intensities, greater than 10 wcm 2, which are not directly attainable using only the output power of a femtosecond oscillator. High harmonic generation hhg is a coherent frequencyconversion process arising from gaseous atoms 1,2,3,4 or crystalline solids 5,6,7 when they are irradiated by an intense laser pulse. Thirdharmonic generation enhancement by filmcoupled. The objective of our research is to exploit the newly emerging field of ultrafast optics so as to establish ultraprecision technologies that will enable nanofabrication and metrology over extensive ranges as demanded in the next generation of precision engineering. Near field surface plasmon field enhancement induced by rippled surfaces the occurrence of plasmon resonances on metallic nanometerscale structures is an intrinsically nanoscale phenomenon, given that the two resonance conditions i. Enhanced secondharmonic generation from double resonant. However, most of the previous reports on nonlinear signal generation are based on only using a resonant. A largely enhanced second harmonic generation shg from these asymmetric coreshell nanorods is demonstrated for the first time by tuning the dipolar and the octupolar plasmon modes to make.
Enhancement mechanisms of the second harmonic generation. We investigate how the individual pairs of quantum orbits contribute to the harmonic spectra. Surface plasmon polaritons have been shown to amplify. Plasmonassisted highharmonic generation in graphene. Surface plasmon polariton wave propagation in a pyramidal 3d nanostructural waveguide carved in silver substrate is numerically studied by using fdtd method. High harmonic emission from crystalline silicon can be made ten times brighter by exploiting local plasmonic fields in arrays of nanoantennas. Enhanced highharmonic generation from an alldielectric metasurface. Optical second harmonic generation enhancement via plasmonic surface theory and applications nadia mohammed jassim1 1department of physics, college of science, university of diyala, iraq. Nonlinear processes induced by the enhanced, evanescent. By combining nanofabrication technology and ultrafast strong field physics, our work paves the way for designing new compact ultrafast photonic devices that operate under high intensities and short wavelengths21. We demonstrate that both the confinement of the electron motion and the inhomogeneous character of the laser electric field play an important role in the hhg process and lead to a significant increase of the harmonic cutoff. Plasmoninduced enhancement of nonlinear optical processes in.
Surface plasmons resonance within metallic nanostructures enables electric field enhancement of a lowintensity femtosecond pulse laser, permitting high harmonic generation without additional power amplification. Wang 1 1school of electrical engineering and computer science, oregon state univer sity, corvallis, or, 97331, usa. On the quantumoptical nature of high harmonic generation. Extremely large extinction efficiency and field enhancement. Phasematched nonlinear secondharmonic generation in. A paper demonstrating high harmonic generation that requires no extra amplifier cavities. These manifest in the simultaneous appearance of both the so called above threshold ionization ati 12 and high harmonic generation hhg,14 processes on atoms or at surfaces. In the process of hydrodynamic expansion of clusters, the electron plasma frequency passes through the surface plasmon resonance, leading to resonant enhancement in the harmonic yield. High harmonics generation by plasmonic field enhancement high harmonics generation by plasmonic field enhancement kim, seungwoo 20090820 00. This nonlinear conversion process requires ultrashort pulse lasers of strong intensity. Surface plasmons resonance within metallic nanostructures enables electric field enhancement of a low intensity femtosecond pulse laser, permitting high. Silencing and enhancement of second harmonic generation in optical.
Osa enhancement of high harmonic generation by confining. A promising solution is to design field enhancement nanostructures on a surface10,14,1618,23,24. Surface plasmon enhanced third order harmonic generation. This effect has been utilized to achieve higher harmonic generation from a host medium using. A strong dependence of the shg enhancement upon the optical mode distribution was observed.
The halfwavelength thz nanoantennas proposed in this work show instead local field enhancement factors and extinction efficiencies of the order of hundreds. Resonant secondharmonic generation in a magnetized plasma. Resonant enhancement of secondharmonic generation in the mid. We perform a detailed analysis of highorder harmonic generation hhg. High harmonic generation by plasmonic field enhancement. For example, when illuminating the double resonant grating with only the 1200 nm light, the local field enhancement in the resonant slits of d 1 155 nm is the same when the d 2 75 nm slits are not present. Kim s, jin j h, kim y j, park i y, kim y and kim s w 2008 high harmonic generation by resonant plasmon field enhancement nature 453 75760. Previously, lattice plasmon lp structures,, have been used to control and enhance high harmonic generation,,, and fourwave mixing by supporting matching resonant modes for both the fundamental and nonlinear signals. Resonant field enhancements from metal nanoparticle arrays. Highorder harmonic generation driven by plasmonic fields. The conversion efficiency of harmonics from chirped laser pulses was significantly improved by nearly three more orders of magnitude than that of chirpfree pulses, and. Request pdf selective high harmonic generation by charge transfer plasmon resonant nanodimers here, we study the possibility of selective high harmonic generation hhg based on the concept of.
Highorder harmonic generation in laser surface ablation. This cutoff nth multiple is intensity dependent and the ionization potential of an atomic system. Field enhancement and spectral features of hexagonal necklaces of silver nanoparticles for enhanced nonlinear optical processes. The enhancement of the incident field, combined with the large nonlinear conductivity of graphene, can dramatically increase the thg conversion efficiency by several orders of magnitude. High harmonic generation by resonant plasmon field. Enhanced thirdorder optical nonlinearity driven by surface. Theoretical studies of high order harmonic generation in various media 777 4. Osa high order harmonic generation based on resonant. Maximum field enhancement of 97 db is obtained by using such structure which is enough to initiate high harmonic generation process. Highharmonic generation by field enhanced femtosecond pulses. Here we study third harmonic generation from quadrumers of silicon nanodisks supporting high quality collective modes associated with the magnetic fano resonance. We design an asymmetric nonlinear optical nanoantenna composed of a dielectric nanodisc and an adjacent nanobar.
Da resonant at the fundamental, simulations show that the field enhancement in the gap at the fundamental is higher than in the case of the dra as can be seen in fig. Wang, high sensitivity and large field enhancement of symmetry broken au nanorings. Colloidal aucoreagshell nanorods with an asymmetric transverse crosssection and a strong octupolar plasmon resonance are synthesized by the controlled growth of ag shells on one side of the au cores. High harmonic and single attosecond pulse generation using plasmonic field enhancement in ordered arrays of gold nanoparticles with chirped laser pulses. Second harmonic generation dynamic in plasmonic nanoparticles.
Seungchul kim, jonghan jin, youngjin kim, inyong park, yunseok kim, and seungwoo kim, high harmonic generation by resonant plasmon field enhancement, nature 453, 757760 2008 pdf download 3. Enhanced highharmonic generation from an alldielectric. Doubleresonant enhancement of thirdharmonic generation in. Sep 23, 2011 we demonstrate electrically tunable harmonic generation of light from a plasmonic nanocavity filled with a nonlinear medium. We observe nontrivial wavelength and angular dependencies of the generated harmonic signal featuring a multifold enhancement of the nonlinear response in oligomeric systems. High harmonics generation by plasmonic field enhancement. Highlyefficient longitudinal secondharmonic generation from.
Highharmonic generation by field enhanced femtosecond. High order harmonic generation in xenon with oscillator repetition rates is presented. Kim, high order harmonic generation based on resonant plasmon field en hancement, in frontiers in optics 2008laser science xxivplasmonics and metamaterialsoptical fabrication and testing, osa technical digest cd optical society of america, 2008, paper ftubb2. We measure third harmonic generation thg as a function of infrared fundamental wavelength for gold nanoparticles over a gold film. Highharmonic and single attosecond pulse generation using.
Local field asymmetry drives second harmonic generation in noncentrosymmetric nanodimers. This is achieved by exploiting the local field enhancement induced by resonant plasmons within a metallic. We estimate the enhancement at a specific depth below the surface, in a unit cell of the periodic. Ultrahigh field enhancing in split ring resonators by. Moreover, enhancement of the optical near field with localized plasmonic resonances of metallic nanoparticles greatly increases the conversion efficiency of the nonlinear process. Recently, various metallic nanoantennas have been proposed and demonstrated 16 to obtain such strong local fields or hotspots for biochemical sensing applications 6,7 and for boosting a wide range of nonlinear optics phenomena 8,9.
A photoniccrystal optical antenna for extremely large. Plasmonenhanced highharmonic generation from silicon. High harmonic generation by resonant plasmon field enhancement kim, seungwoo, kim, seungchul, park, inyong, choi, joonhee. The necessary intensity is reached via plasmonic field enhancement at. Estimate of the local field enhancement the measured increase in high harmonic signal when an array is illuminated compared to the emission from an unpatterned area can be used to estimate the actual intensity enhancement near the nanoantennas. Surface plasmon resonance induced in a welldesigned nanostructure allows for intensity enhancement of the incident laser field more than 20 db.
A largely enhanced second harmonic generation shg from these asymmetric coreshell nanorods is demonstrated for the first time by tuning the dipolar and the octupolar plasmon modes to. Nearfield surface plasmon field enhancement induced by. Here we argue that the large light intensity required for high harmonic generation to occur can be reached by exploiting localized plasmons in doped graphene nanostructures. A south korean group has recently proposed an alternative 2 for high harmonic generation, using the amplification of the local electric field induced by resonant surface plasmons in metallic nanostructures. Fieldenhanced highorderharmonic generation hhg using plasmonics. Being driven by the strong magnetic dipole resonance at the pump wavelength and a high quality mode at the harmonic wavelength, the efficient second harmonic. Third harmonic upconversion enhancement from a single semiconductor nanoparticle coupled to a plasmonic antenna. Silencing and enhancement of secondharmonic generation in. The proposed composite structure made of algaas exhibits resonant response at both the fundamental and doubled frequencies. Conventionally hhg is based on the use of high power amplified femtosecond laser pulses, special. Furthermore, three times increase in amplification volume is acquired as compared with other. Metallic nanocavityenhanced second harmonic generation.
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